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Better expression for R and Li v3
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Phil's working note, dated 9.6.14, supporting Appendix Q of his transmission-line notes. It derives R and Li versus frequency for the center conductor of Belden 8281 coax from the Chapter 2 Bessel-function surface impedance, checking the low-frequency limit gives Rdc. It argues the shield's contribution can be roughly neglected and compares the results with his earlier Heaviside model. Equations and plots are missing from the extracted text.
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Better expression for R and Li PhL 9.6.14
Here I develop the plots which now appear in App Q section "how good is the crude model". The Maple code for these plots is in "Plots of Li and R vs w Belden.mws "
After two major screw-up versions, I am back again to this question. Remember from lines doc (4.11.34) that.
R = Re(Zs1+ Zs2) L = Le + (1/ω) Im(Zs1+ Zs2) = Le + Li
and these are the R and Li I am trying to make a better model for! For the round wire, I know from Chapter 2 that,
Zs(ω) = (2.4.6)
at least for the central conductor of a coax cable! So how does this give Rdc in the low ω limit? We can go back a little more to this point from (2.2.30),
Ez(r) = (-jω/β) (2.2.29) Ez(a) = (-jω/β) (2.2.27)
The small ω limit of the above would involve
J0 = 1 J1 = (z/2)
Then
Ez(r) = (-jω/β) = (-jω/β) = =
= = => Jz = = quite reasonable
Meanwhile, in the same limit
Zs(ω) = = = = = = = Rdc
and there is your answer! In Chapter 2 I plot Zz versus δ instead of ω. I could make new plots versus ω and just see what they look like. But basically, here is my model for the center conductor,
R1(ω) = Re [ ] ωLi1(ω) = Im [ ] where a = a1
What about the other conductor of Belden cable? I guess I have never addressed this question. I could apply the above formula to widely spaced twin lead.
For the Belden, App R shows that the DC Li of the shield is about 1/8th that of the center conductor.
.8e-8/.5e-7 = 8/50 = 0.16 = 1/8.
App R also shows that at high ω, both R and Li shield/center have a ratio of 1/a2 / 1/a1 = a1/a2
= 1/6.4 ≈ 1/6. So in both limits, Li and R of the shield can be roughly neglected compared to the center conductor.
How would this be affected by changing the shield thickness? The hi ω results would be the same, since only the inside surface of the shield matters. But if we make t of the shield larger, we have
Li(shield) = [ (4/3)(t/a2) ] = [ (4/3) ]
so if we were to fatten the shield, its Li does in fact increase as its R2DC decreases and t increases.
I could do a Chapter 2 style solution for the shield and I probably could get some kind of Bessel function formula for its Zs at all ω. But maybe I will just assume we can neglect it more or less, or that I am dealing with widely spaced twin lead. I have done enough detail work I think.
So, here are my new plots for the center of Belden 8281.
R1(ω) = Re [ ] ω Li1(ω) = Im [ ] where a = a1
OK, here are some good plots:
This one shows how Li remains constant at μ/8π out to about 500KHz and then drops off in the expected 1/fashion. It is not so different from my Heaviside plot!
Here is a comparison of the above plot to my original Heaviside model,
Question: Why is the DC value higher in the Heaviside model?
Answer: because I include the effect of the shield.
Here is the same plot and a corresponding one for R:
Apart from the issue just noted, the Heaviside model is not too bad!
Here are the same plots if I just boost the single-wire result by 1.15 to account for the shield.
These plots I think show just how good the Heaviside model really is at least for the Belden cable case.
This is now incorporated in Appendix Q.