does inverse commute with transpose
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A short Word note dated 11.26.09 and initialed PhL, written in Phil's informal style. It shows step by step that the minor matrix and the cofactor matrix each commute with transpose. It then uses the formula inverse = cof(M)/det(M) to conclude that (M^T)^-1 = (M^-1)^T.
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Matrix Question: Does inverse commute with transpose? PhL 11.26.09
Here we are, once again, doing 4th grade math and being confused, but what else is new?
1. What is the minor?
minor(Mab) = determinant of (matrix obtained by crossing out row a and row b) = a number
Let's define a matrix called minor(M) which has these matrix elements
[minor(M)]ab = minor(Mab) = a number
Then it follows that
[minor(MT)]ab = minor( (MT)ab) = minor (Mba) = [minor(M)]ba = ([minor(M)]T)ab
Therefore we have shown that
minor(MT) = [minor(M)]T // a matrix equation
"The transpose of the minor-matrix of M (RHS) is the minor-matrix of the transpose of M (LHS)."
or
"The minor operation commutes with the transpose operation".
2. What is the cofactor?
cof(Mab) = (-1)a+b minor(Mab) = a number
Let's define a matrix called cof(M) which has these matrix elements
[cof(M)]ab = cof(Mab) =(-1)a+b [minor(M)]ab
Then if follows that
[cof(MT)]ab = cof((MT)ab) =(-1)a+b [minor(MT)]ab = (-1)a+b ([minor(M)]T)ab
= (-1)a+b [minor(M)]ba = (-1)b+a [minor(M)]ba = [cof(M)]ba = ([cof(M)]T)ab
we have then shown that
cof(MT) = [cof(M)]T // a matrix equation
" Cofactor operation commutes with T operation "
3. What is the inverse?
M-1 = cof(M)/det(M)
Then we have:
(MT)-1 = cof(MT)/det(MT) = cof(MT)/det(M) = [cof(M)]T / det(M)
But on the other hand we have
(M-1)T = [cof(M)]T/det(M)
Thus we have proved that
(MT)-1 = (M-1)T
which says that "transpose commutes with inverse".